[102], Among the states of India, Bihar is the fourth-largest producer of vegetables and the eighth-largest producer of fruits. It had its capital at Pataliputra (modern Patna). In 2016 the government of Bihar established Patliputra University, Munger University, Purnea University through Bihar state university bill. National Film Award for Best Maithili Film in 2016. Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, the son of a Bihari immigrant, with David Ben Gurion at Lod airport, Israel, in … The Champaran Satyagraha that followed received support from many Bihari nationalists, such as Rajendra Prasad and Anugrah Narayan Sinha. The Communist Party of India had a strong presence in Bihar at one time, which has since weakened. At the time of independence, women's literacy in Bihar was 4.22%. Farmers in Champaran had revolted against indigo cultivation in 1914 (at Pipra) and 1916 (Turkaulia). Hindi is the official language of the state. Vasupujya, the 12th Jain Tirthankara was born in Champapuri, Bhagalpur. Based on the information found in texts pertaining to Jainism and Buddhism, Vajji was established as a republic by the 6th century BCE, before the birth of Gautama Buddha in 563 BCE, making it the first known republic in India. It was also India's most densely populated state, with 1,106 persons per square kilometre. The overall annual intake of students of these technical institutes in Bihar is only 6,200. During the ancient and medieval times, Buddhist monks inhabited most of the regions surrounding the state. In the 1980s, enough Bhojpuri films were produced to support a dedicated industry. High rainfall (above 1,600 mm [63 in]) promotes forests of Sal (Shorea robusta) in these areas. [38][39], The Gupta Empire, which originated in Magadha in 240 AD, is referred as the Golden Age of India in science, mathematics, astronomy, commerce, religion, and Indian philosophy. In 2004, the government of India upgraded the college to National Institute of Technology (NIT) status. The government of Bihar established Bihar Animal Science University in 2017. It is one of the oldest universities in the world and was known as a storehouse of knowledge during the ancient days. The Springboard for India’s independence! There are several traditional styles of painting practised in Bihar. There is much more to Bihar than its unique dialect and the famous politician Lalu Prasad Yadav. The university is likely to be relocated to Panchanpur, approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Gaya, on 300 acres (120 ha) of land to be transferred soon from the military. Later, the Nanda Dynasty ruled a vast tract stretching from Bengal to Punjab. At current prices, per capita NSDP of the state grew at a CAGR of 12.91% from 2004 to 2005 to 2014–15. [125] Sasura Bada Paisa Wala also introduced Manoj Tiwari, formerly a well-loved folk singer, to the wider audiences of Bhojpuri cinema. – discuss][106]^, The Finance Ministry has sought to create investment opportunities for big industrial houses like Reliance Industries. Traditionally, this form was practised mainly by women, passed down generation to generation. Maithili film Mithila Makhaan won the In 2010 Government of Bihar established Bihar Agricultural University at Sabour in Bhagalpur district. Retrieved 16 August 2014. At 11.3%, Bihar has the second-lowest urbanisation rate in India after Himachal Pradesh. Valmiki National Park covers about 800 km2 (309 sq mi) of forest and is the 18th Tiger Reserve of India, ranked fourth in terms of density of tiger population. It is dominated by a vast stretch of fertile plain which is divided unevenly by the Ganges River. There are also plans on constructing a cancer institute within Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences premises and transformation of Patna Medical College and Hospital into a world-class health centre. Along with the Chota Nagpur plateau in Jharkhand to the south, these give Bihar a diverse climate. [11] Three main cultural regions converge in the state: Magadh, Mithila, and Bhojpur. [48] In 1540, the great Pathan chieftain, Sher Shah Suri, took northern India from the Mughals and declared Delhi his capital. [26] Improved governance has led to an economic revival in the state through increased investment in infrastructure,[27] better health care facilities, greater emphasis on education, and a reduction in crime and corruption. [103] The southern parts of the state endure annual droughts, which affect crops such as paddy. India’s is a country where Cricket is no less than a religion, and the name MS Dhoni is one of the most celebrated chapters of this religion. 1927), and Imperial Agriculture Research Institute (est. He is widely known as the “Father of the Nation.” We bet you didn’t know this one! [164] It was inaugurated in February 2018. The Ganges flows west–east and, along with its tributaries, regularly floods parts of the Bihar plain. Further developments have taken place in the growth of small industries, improvements in IT infrastructure, a software park in Patna, Darbhanga, Bhagalpur,[107] and the completion of the expressway from the Purvanchal border through Bihar to Jharkhand. The school is an important centre of the fine arts in Bihar. Rajkumar Shyamanand Sinha of Champanagar, Banaili princely state, was a great patron of music and was himself one of the finest exponents of classical vocal music in Bihar in his time. Jagannath Sarkar, "Many Streams" Selected Essays by Jagannath Sarkar and Reminiscing Sketches" Compiled by Gautam Sarkar Edited by Mitali Sarkar, First Published May 2010, Navakarnataka Publications Private Limited, Bangalore. [100] The main agricultural products are litchi, guava, mango, pineapple, brinjal, lady's finger, cauliflower, cabbage, rice, wheat, sugarcane, and sunflower. [165] Bihar has eight medical colleges which are funded by the government, namely Patna Medical College and Hospital, Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Vardhman Institute of Medical Sciences, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital Gaya, Sri Krishna Medical College and Hospital, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Bhagalpur, Government Medical College, Bettiah and five private medical colleges[166], In February 2019, deputy chief minister Sushil Modi announced the Bihar government's planned to establish 11 new medical colleges at Chhapra, Purnia, Samastipur, Bengusarai, Sitamarhi, Vaishali, Jhanjharpur, Siwan, Buxar, Bhojpur, Jamui and a dental college at Rahui in Nalanda district is under construction. After the Battle of Buxar (1764), the British East India Company obtained the diwani rights (rights to administer and collect tax revenue) for Bihar, Bengal and Odisha. The capital of France, Paris is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Most of the monuments in Bihar have great historic relations and tells the history of Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism. [124] Several other commercially successful films followed, including Panditji Batai Na Biyah Kab Hoi ("Priest, tell me when I will marry", 2005, directed by Mohan Prasad) and Sasura Bada Paisa Wala ("My father-in-law, the rich guy", 2005). [148][149][needs update]. The temple is dedicated to both Lord Shiva and his wife, Shakti. A number of agriculture-based industries had been started in Bihar by foreign entrepreneurs. Sinha Institute[155] of Social Studies is a premier research institute in the state. [135], The beginning of the 20th century was marked by a number of notable new publications. [113] It was traditionally done on the plastered walls of mud huts, and is also done on cloth, handmade paper and canvas. Hence, the name of the State was used to denote the home or the abode of the Buddhist monks residing here. Nalanda University was re-established in 2014. Generally, no space is left empty.[113]. For Buddhists, … Portrait of Veer Kunwar Singh. "It is inspired by the famous glass bridge in China. The Central University of Bihar (CUB) is one of the sixteen central universities newly established by the Government of India under the Central Universities Act, 2009 (Section 25 of 2009). In 1964 Bihar School of Yoga was established at Munger.[relevant? The festival is devoted to Lord Surya (Sun) and ChhathiMaiya. As of 2014,[update] there are two main political formations: the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which comprises Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP, Indian People's Party), Lok Janashakti Party (LJP) and Janata Dal (United) (JDU); and a second alliance between Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD, National People's Party), Hindustani Awam Morcha, Rashtriya Lok Samta Party and Indian National Congress (INC). Bihar e-Governance Services & Technologies (BeST) and the government of Bihar have initiated a unique program to establish a centre of excellence called Bihar Knowledge Center, a finishing school to equip students with the latest skills and customised short-term training programs at an affordable cost. [15] The official languages are Hindi and Urdu, although other languages are common, including Maithili, Magahi, Bhojpuri and other Bihari languages. It holds significance because of its ancient monuments and tourist attractions. The name Bihar is a derivative from Vihara, which means ‘monastery’. In 2007, NIT Patna was granted Institute of National Importance status, in accordance with the National Institutes of Technology Act, 2007. Below: Bihar accounts for 71% of India's annual, Minhaj writes that the inhabitants were 100,000, The Maha-Bodhi By Maha Bodhi Society, Calcutta (page 8), Government of India- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare- Health and Family Welfare Census Data, 2008–2015. [47] After the fall of the Pala Empire, the Chero dynasty ruled some parts of Bihar from the 12th century until Mughal rule in the 16th century. It has ten colleges. Bihar is one of the strongest agricultural states. Image: wikimedia.org. “ Bihar is coincided by very few great Landmarks...The Harmandir Saheb is the famous seat of Sri Guru Govind Singh Has the Xth Guru of Sikhs and founder of Khalsa Panth among Sikhs. [120] 550 CE) and Vikramashila (est. Swami Niranjanananda carried forward his guru’s teachings and philosophies by establishing this yoga institute. On 15 November 2000, southern Bihar was ceded to form the new state of Jharkhand. [119] All the branches of the government are located in the state capital, Patna. MS Dhoni was born in Ranchi, Bihar (now, in Jharkhand) and is considered India’s most successful Cricket Captain; so far. They used watercolours on paper and on mica. On 8 August 2008, Indian Institutes of Technology Patna was inaugurated with students from all over India[150] In 2008, NSIT opened its new college in Bihta, which is now emerging as an education hub. It was from here that Buddhism was spread in different parts of the world. In turn, this prevents the government from making evidence-based conclusions about policy changes and hospital effectiveness, resulting in patterns of ill-informed spending and inconsistent hiring. These arguments often rely on references to historical or current famous people and places from Bihar. [49] [128][129] Gautama Buddha attained Enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, a town located in the modern day district of Gaya in Bihar. The history of films entirely in Bhojpuri begins in 1962 with the well-received film Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo ("Mother Ganges, I will offer you a yellow sari"), which was directed by Kundan Kumar. [143] Some other centres of high learning established under British rule are Patna College (est. About 80% of the state's population is employed in agriculture, which is above the national average. [40] Bihar and Bengal was invaded by Rajendra Chola I of the Chola dynasty in the 11th century.[41][42]. Image: wikimedia.org, Coinciding with the post-harvest season for paddy, the Sonepur fair is the largest cattle fair in Asia. Image: newindianexpress.com. [55], Following independence, Bihari migrant workers have faced violence and prejudice in many parts of India, such as Maharashtra, Punjab and Assam.[56][57]. [78] Films such as Mai ("Mom", 1989, directed by Rajkumar Sharma) and Hamar Bhauji ("My Brother's Wife", 1983, directed by Kalpataru) had success at the box office. All three airports have scheduled flights to major cities around India. Anil Agarwal Age: (66) #Businessperson. [163][needs update]. 3. [151][152] BCE, Bhagalpur, MIT, Muzaffarpur, and the National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur (NIPER)[153] are in Bihar. Best known for his Super 30 program, Anand Kumar is a mathematics genius from Patna in Bihar. The constitutional head of the government of Bihar is the governor, who is appointed by the President of India. Some historians believe that thousands of Buddhist monks were massacred during the 12th century. Besides being a … Places to Visit in Bihar, India: See Tripadvisor's 24,835 traveller reviews and photos of Bihar tourist attractions. Case study of Bihar and Jharkhand", "Economic consequences of ill-health for households in northern rural India", "National Accounts Division : Press release & Statements", "Bihar fastest growing state, Maharashtra tops in economic size: Report", "Industrial Development & Economic Growth in Bihar", "Bihar posts avg GDP growth rate of 10.5% last decade", "26 Bihar districts declared drought-hit – igovernment.in", "About Hajipur, General Information on Hajipur, Hajipur Profile", "For Bihar, P stands for Patna and prosperity", "Bihar security firm sets foot in Australia", "Prohibition forces United Breweries out of Bihar", "National Awards 2016: Here is the complete List of Winners", "Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo (1962)", "For my female audiences, I'll wear a really flimsy dhoti", "Sita temples in India that you may not know about", Pratham.org | Pratham – A Network of Societal Missions to Achieve Universal Primary Education in India, "CM lays foundation of engineering college", "Nitish lists special tag cry as LS poll plank", "Shortage of engineering colleges in Bihar", "New engineering colleges, polytechs to get impetus soon", "Netaji Subhash Institute of Technology (Nsit), Netaji Subhash Institute of Technology (Nsit) Address, Admission, Netaji Subhash Institute of Technology (Nsit) Courses, Ranking, Contact Details", "Welcome to Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology – Bihta, Patna", "National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. [122] [4] Almost 58% of Bihar's population was below 25 years age, which is the highest in India. This school of painting formed the basis for the formation of the Patna Art School under the leadership of Shri Radha Mohan. Gaya is another centre of classical music, particularly of the Tappa and Thumri varieties. This is a famous selfie point where the young and the old get themselves photographed. It became a republic by the 6th century BC. The rich resources of fertile land, water and skilled labour had attracted the foreign imperialists, particularly the Dutch and British, in the 18th century. Smaller communities of Bengali and Santali speakers are found in the eastern districts of the state. Medieval writer Minhaj al-Siraj Juzjani records in the Tabaqat-i Nasiri that in 1198 Bakhtiyar Khalji committed a massacre in a town identified with the word, later known as Bihar Sharif, about 70 km (43 mi) away from Bodh Gaya.[29][30]. [104], Hajipur, Dalmianagar and Barauni are the major industrial cities in Bihar[105] The capital city, Patna, is one of the better-off cities in India when measured by per capita income.[relevant? The central draw of the fair is cattle trade while imposing Indian elephants are the prime attraction. Ajatashatru founded the city of Pataliputra which later became the capital of Magadha. There are many other political formations. On 28 February 2014, Lok Sabha Speaker Meira Kumar laid the foundation stone. Image: 1.bp.blogspot.com, Bihar is the birthplace of the tenth Guru that is Guru Gobind Singh, and the holy place of Sikhs is Harmandir Takht (Takht Sri Patna Sahib), which is in Patna. Bihar Yoga Bharti was founded by Swami Satyananda’s disciple Swami Niranjanananda Saraswati in 1994. The birth place of Guru Gobind Singh. Image: 2.bp.blogspot.com, The Mundeshwari temple in Bihar is known as the oldest Hindu temple in India. Image: i.ytimg.com, Aryabhatta who gave zero number to the world, the nine planets theory, and trigonometric rules was from Bihar. [35] Sita, a daughter of one of the Janaks of Mithila is mentioned as the consort of Lord Rama, in the Hindu epic Ramayana, written by Valmiki. Vaishali is also the birthplace of Lord Mahavir. Other species in Bihar include leopard, bear, hyena, bison, chital and barking deer. Bihar is derived from the Sanskrit word. India’s Most Successful Cricket Captain is from Bihar! Countries such as Japan, Korea, and China have also taken initiatives. [127] The industry produces over one hundred films per year. Bihar Is In Itself Very Famous For Its Beautiful Festivals And Temples Incomparable To Any Of The States. He declared war and conquered the Vajji. Ar. [142] Bihar saw a revival of its education system during the later part of the British rule, when Patna University, the seventh oldest university of the Indian subcontinent, was established in 1917. – discuss], Government colleges are located at Muzaffarpur, Bhagalpur, Gaya, Darbhanga, Motihari, Nalanda, and Saran (Chhapra). [citation needed]. One in 10 bureaucrats ruling India is a Bihari. In March 2019, the government of Bihar has sent a proposal to centre Government to upgrade Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital into an AIIMS-like institution. Bihar (/bɪˈhɑːr/; Hindi pronunciation: [bɪˈɦaːr] (listen)) is a state in eastern India. Though the foothills of the Himalayas begin in Nepal, a short distance to the north, these mountains influence Bihar's landforms, climate and hydrology. One is Mithila painting, a style used in the Mithila region of Bihar. A monthly magazine named Bharat Ratna was started in Patna, in 1901. Bihar has the Central Institute of Plastic Engineering & Technology (CIPET) and the Institute of Hotel Management (a central government unit) in Hajipur. [139], In the past, tourism in the region was purely based on educational tourism, as Bihar was home of some prominent ancient universities like Nalanda and Vikramashila.[140][141][relevant? [12] Bihar is also the world's third-most populous subnational entity. The major ones are Bhojpuri, Maithili and Magahi, but smaller ones such as Angika and Bajjika (sometimes considered a Maithili dialect) also are spoken by large numbers. Why is Bihar's Champaran famous? 1839), Bihar School of Engineering (est. [79] The Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPI(M) and CPM and All India Forward Bloc (AIFB) have a minor presence, along with the other extreme leftist parties. – discuss], Prior to prohibition, Bihar emerged as a brewery hub with numerous production units. On 3 July 2013, chief minister Nitish Kumar laid foundation stone for a new campus of National Institute of Electronics & Information Technology in Amara village, near Bihta township. [71] However speaker numbers for these languages are limited because the more educated and urban prefer to speak in Hindi (in formal contexts) and so return this answer on the census, and in rural and uneducated areas they simply return their language as "Hindi" on the census. Bihar is where the Buddha began his journey to enlightenment, and it's possible to follow in his sacred footsteps. A perfect reminisce to the time of flourishing Gupta and Pala period, Nalanda is an acclaimed tourist attraction in Bihar. Bihar, a popular state in India is stuffed with plenty of tourist attractions which can be experienced via a number of wholesome Bihar Tour Packages.Apart from Patna, which is the capital city here, there are many appealing and spiritual places that are seated in Bihar. Dramas incorporating this theme continue to be popular in the theatres of Patna. [7] However, the majority of the people of Bihar speak one of the Bihari languages: most of which as classified as dialects of Hindi during the census. Hindi was introduced in the law courts in Bihar in 1880. [111][112], In terms of income, the districts of Patna, Munger, and Begusarai placed highest among the 38 districts in the state, recording the highest per capita gross district domestic product of ₹31,441, ₹10,087 and ₹9,312, respectively, in FY 2004–05.[106]. Vessels capable of accommodating five hundred merchants were known to ply this river in the ancient period, when it served as a conduit for overseas trade. The Haryanka dynasty was followed by the Shishunaga dynasty. Central parts of Bihar have some small hills, such as the Rajgir hills. It is the amalgamation of religion, spirituality, history and education which makes the state one of its kind. The library was believed to hold 9 million manuscripts which took it 3 full months to burn down into ashes. [114] Singh, in another book on Indian classical music, wrote that "Kumar Shyamanand Singh of Banaili estate had such expertise in singing that many great singers including Kesarbai Kerkar acknowledged his ability. [64] Bihar has a total literacy rate of 63.82% (73.39% for males and 53.33% for females), recording a growth of 20% in female literacy over the preceding decade. The Great, Lord Buddha and Lord Mahavir were propagators of this enchanting thought. 450 CE), Odantapurā (est. Image: thetourism4you.com, Bihar is also the origin of the biggest two religions in the world, namely Buddhism and Jainism. The number of public hospital beds in Bihar decreased between 2008 and 2015. The judiciary is headed by the Chief Justice. [100] Bihar's per capita income went up by 40.6% in FY 2014–15. It has been regarded as the second most important state that has produced many numbers of IAS officers. Bihar is a famous destination not just for Buddhists but also for Jains and Hindus. Mauryan emperor Ashoka, who was born in Pataliputra (Patna), is often considered to be among the most accomplished rulers in world history. Haryanka dynasty was followed by Shishunaga kings who were replaced by Nanda dynast… Famous Persons from Bihar. [117][better source needed]. The percentage of population employed in agricultural production in Bihar is around 80%, which is much higher than the national average. 552 active cases 372 in last 7 days An ancient city, Madhubani in Bihar is known for the richness in art and culture that the district strives for. Nagar", "NIFT starts classes in Patna with 60 students", "National Employability Report – Engineers, Annual Report 2014", "Delhi, Bihar produce top engineers in India: Report", "Parents want wards to go for tech education outside Bihar", "CM inaugurates new engineering college at Chhapra", "7th engineering college of state to open in July", "Bihar's first IT City to come up at Nalanda : Nitish Kumar", "Bihar prepares to be India's 1st Multimedia Hub within 3 Years", "National Institute of Electronic: National Institute of Electronic and Information Technology to be linked with other institutions | Patna News – Times of India", "Bihar CM inaugurates new campus of National Institute of Electronics and Information Technology near Bihta – Times of India", "Work on 11 new medical colleges to start this year | Patna News – Times of India", "Bihar drags feet on Central varsity in Bhagalpur; district identifies three chunks of land", "Bihar animal sciences varsity to celebrate first anniversary today | Patna News – Times of India", "DMCH will be upgraded to AIIMS-like institution: Minister | Patna News – Times of India", Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation, Autonomous administrative divisions of India, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bihar&oldid=1000542705, Hindustani-speaking countries and territories, States and territories established in 1912, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2014, Articles with dead external links from February 2016, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January 2019, Articles needing additional references from January 2020, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2020, All articles that may have off-topic sections, Wikipedia articles that may have off-topic sections from January 2020, Articles lacking reliable references from April 2016, Articles with too many examples from January 2020, Wikipedia articles with style issues from January 2020, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2020, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. It mostly depicts human beings and their association with nature. The sex ratio was 918 females per 1000 males. Image: 4.bp.blogspot.com, The idea of non-violence originated from Bihar around 2600 years ago. In 2014, the longest free Wi-Fi range in the world was launched in Patna by the Government of Bihar. [53][54], In the northern and central regions of Bihar, the Kisan Sabha (peasant movement) was an important consequence of the independence movement. [23] The state government has, however, made significant strides in developing the state. [13] Only 11.3% of the population of Bihar lives in urban areas, which is the lowest in India after Himachal Pradesh. Mithila painting is also called Madhubani art. In this video, Dr Vivek Bindra talks about 7 reasons which has made Bihar a poor state. No wonder it is a perfect blend of literature and science. Learn more about the history, culture, and government of Bihar in this article. SIS is registered and taxed in Bihar.[109][relevant? [18] Another region of Bihar is Mithila which was an early centre of learning and the centre of the Videha kingdom. 21. The A.N. Even the Discovery Channel has showcased his work in a documentary. Facing persecution from the Mughal Emperor, Aurangzeb, these artisans found refuge, via Murshidabad, in Patna during the late 18th century. We have reviews of the best places to see in Bihar. He also served as the chief minister and the governor general of the country. [19][20], Since the late 1970s, Bihar has lagged far behind other Indian states in terms of social and economic development. The tenth and the last guru of Sikhism, Guru Gobind Singh, was born in Patna in 1666. Bihar, India is famous for having the first Republic in the world. Bihar-sharif is famous for its delicios food.Such as Revri,Tilkut,Anersa and Khaja.First three items are made of til (an oil seed)and last one made by maida.While Revari is available through all seasons, but Anersa and Tilkut are available only seasonaly,usually Anersa in the rauny season and Tilkut in … However, this trend faded during the 1990s. Ever heard of the famous Nalanda university that is located in the capital city of Patna. India’s first president Dr. Rajendra Prasad belonged to Bihar. Places like Patna, Rajgir, and Vaishali are sacred to all the important faiths and that is a great achievement of Bihar. Executive power rests with the chief minister and their cabinet. There is also a smaller production of Magadhi-, Maithili- and Angika-language films. Bharat Ratna Ustad Bismillah Khan, from Dumraon, Bihar. The Mauryan Empire, which originated from Magadha in 325 BC, was founded by Chandragupta Maurya, who was born in Magadha.

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