how many refugees in europe 2019

Europe also played a crucial role in developing a set of rules and norms regulating human mobility in the region. Since 1999, the EU has worked towards creating a common European asylum regime in accordance with the Geneva Convention and other applicable international instruments. 38 % of EU-27 first instance asylum decisions resulted in positive outcomes in 2019. In 2018, there Migrant deaths within Europe: Highest number since 2015, There were 123 people who died on their migration journeys Roughly 473,000 first-time asylum applications were filed in countries that belong to the European Union between January and September 2019, according to Eurostat. 10% of all refugees and only a fraction of internally displaced persons were living in the EU. Some of these people may have arrived prior to 2019. Full-time statisticians in UNHCR's Field Information and Coordination Section track the number of people forced to flee so that when a major displacement crisis erupts third of that – 1,246 migrants – are estimated to have died in the to Western Europe. The need to seek international protection is one of the main reasons that forces people to cross borders. Rejection. 40% of sea arrivals are women and children 40 percent of individuals arriving to Europe by sea in 2019 are women and children. In the Eastern Mediterranean, between Turkey and primarily There was The number of people who have been reported dead or missing In July 2016, the European Commission put forward a second set of proposals related to the reform of the CEAS, for example to establish a resettlement framework for the EU (COM(2016) 468 final) and a common procedure for international protection (COM(2016) 467 final) as well as a recast of the legislation on the standards for the reception of applicants for international protection (COM(2016) 465 final). migrants and asylum seekers who arrived in Europe decreased significantly. Crossing the Mediterranean: still perilous despite fewer Syrians accounted for the largest number of applicants in seven of the 27 EU Member States, including 39 300 applicants in Germany. More than 120,000 irregular migrants and refugees arrived in the EU this year, mostly by sea. 2,140 asylum applications by refugees were received in 2019 in Norway - according to UNHCR. in 2019, Frontex detected roughly 125,000 "illegal" border It also provides technical and operational support to Member States facing particular pressures (in other words, those Member States receiving large numbers of asylum applicants). Among the youngest age group (0–13 years), males accounted for 51.2 % of the total number of applicants in 2019. (In 2017, that number was 3,139; 5,141 in 2016; 4,041 Croatia due to pushbacks and increased border patrols on the Croatian side of 2019, down to 0.7%. EU states were given until September 26 2017 to comply. 2009: Bulgaria, Greece, Spain, Croatia. This increase was largely due to an According to IOM, 144,282 people arrived in 2018; in 2017, that number Many migrants, however, are finding themselves stuck in Croatia's A staggering number of Syrians have escaped to neighboring Turkey, which in 2018 supported a Syrian refugee population that exceeded 3.6 million people. Also in 2019, EU countries granted protection to 295,800 asylum seekers, down from 333,400 in 2018, which was almost 40% lower than in 2017 (533,000). Refugees - number of returns to homeland 2001-2019 Venezuela: main countries of asylum/refugee status 2019 Number of refugees originating from Afghanistan 2005-2015 That's far fewer than in 2018, happened on the 'central route' – though it accounted less than 14% of all people trying to cross the central Mediterranean died. As a complement to this action plan, the European Migration Network has produced a comprehensive EU study on reception policies, as well as return and integration arrangements for unaccompanied minors. In the majority of EU-27 Member States, in 2019 the share of minors that was unaccompanied was less than 20%. fewer people attempted to cross the Western and especially the Central This article describes recent developments in relation to numbers of asylum applicants and decisions on asylum applications in the European Union (EU). However, Significantly fewer people seem to have died on the (²) 2008: Bulgaria, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Austria, Romania, Slovakia and Finland not available. It is granted to a person who is unable to seek protection in his/her country of citizenship and/or residence, in particular for fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion. Greece saw a dramatic increase in arrivals, while arrivals in Italy and Spain declined. Disclaimer: This article focuses on clandestine and irregular via that sea route in 2019 (as of December 19). was 186,788; in 2016, it was 390,456; and in 2015, there were more than a Refugees in Europe. The data arrived as the European Commission is expected, by the end of this month, to present its proposal for reform of EU migration and asylum rules. In May 2010, the European Commission presented an action plan for unaccompanied minors (COM(2010) 213 final), who are regarded as the most exposed and vulnerable victims of migration. That's the highest number since 2015, in a truck in the UK – a grizzly discovery that brought worldwide attention to Sweden alone reported 34,295 applications in 2015, more than a third of the total. Consisting of more than 2.0 million new individual asylum claims and 382,200 refugees recognized on a prima facie or group basis. While the number of people who crossed the Aegean Sea from Please enable JavaScript in your browser for better use of the website. Half or more of refugees during this time came from Asia, with many from Iraq and Burma (Myanmar). In May 2016, the European Commission presented a first package of reforms, including proposals for establishing a sustainable and fair Dublin system (COM(2016) 270 final), reinforcing the Eurodac system (COM(2016) 272 final) and establishing a European Agency for Asylum (COM(2016) 271 final). A total of 95,176 decisions have been made on initial applications. In March 2019, the European Commission reported on the progress made over the past 4 years and set out the measures still required to address immediate and future migration challenges (COM/2019/126 final). Refugee status. Introduction. Consequently, the EU total may include such multiple applications. Many European countries see more people arrive than depart, and net migration is especially high in the economic heartland of Western Europe. Decisions made at the first instance resulted in 206 000 persons being granted protection status, while a further 91 000 received protection status on appeal. In 2019, European countries12 recorded 672,935 new asylum seekers. Route'. Total. current rate. The EASO supports EU Member States in their efforts to implement a more consistent and fair asylum policy. Greece, but also Cyprus, there were 66,166 sea arrivals this year, which is Based on a global estimate from IDMC. arrivals in 2019 – the number of arrivals in 2018 was more than twice as high 54 percent of asylum applications have been rejected in the first instance. In 2019, 38.1 % of EU-27 first instance asylum decisions resulted in positive outcomes, that is grants of refugee or subsidiary protection status, or an authorisation to stay for humanitarian reasons. This plan aims to set-up a coordinated approach and commits all EU Member States to grant high standards of reception, protection and integration for unaccompanied minors. Most migrants and asylum seekers who arrived in (Data for October through December has not yet been made available. Which were around 46% answered positively. EU-Turkey deal was signed. 2011: Croatia, Hungary, Austria and Finland not available. Most settled in cities such as Istanbul, where they can find work. in a clandestine manner in 2019 (as of December 23) crossed a land border to Mediterranean. Some 40 300 Venezuelans (the highest number of applicants from a single country to one of the EU-27 Member States in 2019) and 28 900 Colombians applied for protection in Spain, while Afghans accounted for 23 700 applicants in Greece. Germany reported 22,255 applications. Since asylum procedures and the number/levels of decision making bodies differ among the EU Member States, the true final instance may be, according to the national legislation and administrative procedures, a decision of the highest national court. Among the causes of death for the other 84 people were 27th July 2020 | News. Nearly four years after almost 1 million refugees were welcomed into the country, Germany has quietly been closing the window on asylum applications and ramping up deportations. … Among Member States with more than 5 000 first-time asylum seekers in 2019, the number of first time applicants rose most in relative terms compared with the previous year in Spain (+118.4 %, or 62 400 more first-time asylum seekers in 2019 than in 2018), Cyprus (+66.8 %, or 5 100 more), ahead of Sweden (+27.9 %, or 5 000 more), Belgium (+27.4 %, or 5 000 more), Greece (+15.3 %, or 9 900 more), the Netherlands (+9.9 %, or 2 000 more) and France (+7.6 %, or 8 500 more). July 22, 2019. Roughly one third of Mediterranean migrant deaths (432) took In particular, the European Commission offers Member States continued financial support under the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (AMIF). That's because in 2014 and 2015 the majority of refugees and migrants arriving in the EU entered Greece from Turkey, using a much shorter sea route, … Mediterranean migration: more arrivals in Greece, fewer in Data extracted on 16 March 2020 and 26 May 2020 (parts on applications by unaccompanied minors and decisions on asylum applications). 4 1. A total of 105,425 migrants arrived in Europe by crossing We take a look at clandestine and irregular migration movements to Europe in 2019. In 2017, the number of asylum applications marked a significant decrease of 44.5 % in comparison with 2016, and continued a downward path also in 2018. Among EU-27 Member States, the highest shares of positive first instance decisions out of the total number of first instance decisions in 2019 were recorded in Spain (66.2 %), followed by Luxembourg (56.7 %), Austria (53.5 %), Greece (53.1 %), Ireland (52.1 %) and Denmark (52.0 %). In April, the government announced that Germany would accept 4,600 resettled refugees in 2018 and 5,600 in 2019 as a contribution towards an EU … Italy, Spain. border in remote, difficult terrain), vehicle accidents, and drowning trying to In April, the government announced that Germany would accept 4,600 resettled refugees in 2018 and 5,600 in 2019 as a contribution towards an EU … The Hague programme was adopted by heads of state and government on 5 November 2004. (58,525). The death rate here was 1.5%. More than a million migrants and refugees crossed into Europe in 2015, compared with just 280,000 the year before. place on the 'western route' – mostly between Morocco and Spain, but also More precisely, in the 19th and first half of the 20th centuries, E… The first includes asylum seekers who have lodged a claim (asylum application) and whose claim is under consideration by a relevant authority. Pending at end 2019. According to IOM, only 23,261 people who arrived in Europe "Mediterranean Route" this past year than in the past. Data on decisions on asylum applications are available for two instance levels, namely first instance decisions and final decisions taken in appeal or review. In … Rejection rate. Europe Missions. The seventeenth annual report from the Spa- nish Commission for Refugees (CEAR) analyses the situation of refugees in the world, the Euro-pean Union, and mainly in Spain over 2018. More than 120,000 irregular migrants and refugees arrived in the EU this year, mostly by sea. The number of repeat applicants (persons lodged more than one application ) in the EU-27 in 2019 was 63 600, representing a 9.4 % of the total number of applicants. Eurostat produces statistics on a range of issues relating to international migration. between Algeria and Spain. twice as many as in 2019. Across the EU-27, female applicants outnumbered male applicants in 2019 for asylum applicants aged 65 and over, although this group was relatively small, accounting for just 0.8 % (0.5 % females and 0.3 % males) of the total number of first-time applicants. In 2019 alone, there have already been 27,301 sea arrivals in Italy, Greece, Spain, Cyprus and Malta. As media attention has slowly faded, so have the thoughts of many people toward the refugee crises in Europe. Last week, the IOM reported that the number of people who arrived in Europe by sea in 2017 was less than half as many as the previous year. At the end of 2019, there were 26.0 million refugees and 45.7 million internally displaced persons worldwide (UNHCR figures). With 142 400 applicants registered in 2019, Germany accounted for 23.3 % of all first-time applicants in the EU-27. The number of first-time asylum applicants in the EU-27 [1] in 2019 was 612 700. Two different categories of persons should be taken into account when analysing asylum statistics. Europe in 2019 using irregular migration routes did so by crossing the Mediterranean Sea, data from both IOM and Frontex shows. This age distribution of asylum applicants was common in almost all of the EU-27 Member States, with the largest share of applicants being those aged 18–34. In absolute terms, 109 000 persons were granted refugee status in the EU-27 in 2019 at first instance, 52 000 were given subsidiary protection status, and 45 100 were given authorisation to stay for humanitarian reasons. The neighboring states as it has become difficult for migrants to cross into however, was roughly the same in 2019 and 2018. and the Western Mediterranean Route (from Morocco and Algeria to Spain) More than three quarters (77.3 %) of the first-time asylum seekers in the EU-27 in 2019 were less than 35 years old (see Figure 4); those in the age range 18–34 years accounted for slightly less than half (47.0 %) of the total number of first-time applicants, while almost one third (30.3 %) of the total number of first-time applicants were minors aged less than 18 years. the Mediterranean Sea in 2019, according to IOM (as of December 19). AMIF has effectively and successfully supported the Union's common response to the migration crisis, while also providing a sign of solidarity to the Member States on the frontline. For the purpose of this analysis only the top 30 countries of citizenship in terms of the number of first-time applicants for asylum were considered. (2018: In 2016 the numbers fell to 65,500, and there was a further fall in 2017 to 32,335, and in 2018 to 20,320, still significantly higher than for any year before 2014. European Union without a visa or similar documentation. The share of refugees in the EU is 0.6% compared to the total population . Syrian, Afghan and Venezuelan – main citizenships of asylum applicants in the EU-27 in 2019. Conversely, Italy, Croatia, Poland, Czechia and Hungary each recorded a share of positive first instance decisions between 19.7 % (Italy) and 8.5 % (Hungary). authorisations to stay for humanitarian reasons, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), EU study on reception policies, as well as return and integration arrangements for unaccompanied minors, Dublin statistics on countries responsible for asylum application, Enforcement of immigration legislation statistics, Residence permits - statistics on first permits issued during the year, Migration and migrant population statistics, Population and population change statistics, All publications on asylum and managed migration, Decisions on applications and resettlement, European Commission — DG Migration and Home Affairs — Common European asylum system, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Asylum_statistics&oldid=496368. 584 reported missing or dead It puts forward the idea of a common European asylum system (CEAS), in particular, it raises the challenge to establish common procedures and uniform status for those granted asylum or subsidiary protection. In contrast, the largest relative decreases were recorded in Italy (-34.5 %, or 18 400 fewer), Germany (-12.0 %, or 19 400 fewer) and Austria (-7.0 %, or 800 fewer), see Figure 3. 165,938. Applicants in 2019. Between 1986 and 2007, data on asylum was collected on the basis of a gentlemen’s agreement. In 2018, it was at 1.4%, which is twice as high as the Luxembourg, Hungary, Austria, Romania, Slovakia and Finland not available. Refugee rate. arrived by land; the ratio of people who arrived by land and sea, respectively, This included options for a fair and sustainable system for allocating asylum applicants among EU Member States, a further harmonisation of asylum procedures and standards to create a level playing field across the EU and thereby reduce pull factors inducing irregular secondary movements, and a strengthening of the mandate of the EASO. in Europe were "independent" landings, which means that migrants in 2015; and 3,184 in 2014). The swell of Syrians has pushed Turke… Member State data refer to the number of persons applying for asylum for the first time in that Member State. An unaccompanied minor is a person less than 18 years old who arrives on the territory of an EU-27 Member State not accompanied by an adult responsible for the minor or a minor who is left unaccompanied after having entered the territory of a Member State. nearly a third of them (202,945) were children. get into the EU – that's about one fifth of the total number of people. The EU-27 aggregate includes 2018 data for Spain. Since fiscal 1980, 55% of refugees have come from Asia, a far higher share than from Europe (28%), Africa (13%) or Latin America (4%). This page was last modified on 2 September 2020, at 07:29. In absolute terms, 109 000 persons were granted refugee status in the EU-27 in 2019 at first instance, 52 000 were given subsidiary protection status, and 45 100 were given authorisation to … the Balkans right now, in particular in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in Serbia. Since 2013, Syria remains the main country of citizenship of asylum seekers in the EU-27. One factor that could explain this decrease is the fact that "We knew it was dangerous, I knew it was dangerous, but when you have a lion at your back and the sea in front, you take the sea." within Europe in 2019, according to IOM. This is for the sake of the refugees but also for Europeans themselves. Asylum in Europe 2019: human rights under pressure . The main contributions to this increase were higher numbers of applicants from Venezuela, Colombia and Afghanistan, (see Figure 2). bringing more harmonisation to standards of protection by further aligning the EU Member States’ asylum legislation; effective and well-supported practical cooperation; increased solidarity and sense of responsibility among EU Member States, and between the EU and non-member countries. Though refugee and subsidiary protection status are defined by EU law, humanitarian reasons are specific to national legislation and are not applicable in some of the EU Member States. rate. In March 2019, the European Commission declared the migrant crisis to be at an end, although displaced people continued to arrive. Most of them came from Syria, Iraq and from Turkey. The most popular point-of-entry countries into the European In all, there were about 134,000 migrant arrivals to Europe in 2018, which is actually a significant decrease from 2017, which saw … The distribution of first-time asylum applicants by sex shows that more men (61.9 %) than women (38.1 %) were seeking asylum. Most migrants arrived by sea, taking the dangerous 'Mediterranean Italy's then-interior minister Matteo Salvini – did draw a lot of media attention, the vast majority of migrant sea arrivals Turkey to Greece doubled compared to 2018, the number of people taking the Only five Member States recorded higher rates: Romania (34.5 %), Cyprus (46.9 %), Slovakia (69.8 %), Bulgaria (71.8 %) and Slovenia (80.2 %). In 2019, 540 800 first instance decisions on asylum applications were made in the EU-27 Member States and a further 296 600 final decisions following an appeal. The Central Mediterranean region saw 14,500 migrant arrivals The next high numbers of applicants of a single citizenship in 2019 were also observed in Germany (13 700 applicants from Iraq and 10 800 from Turkey), Greece (10 800 applicants from Syria) and France (10 000 applicants from Afghanistan). The number of arrivals in Europe Afghans accounted for 8.6 % of the total number of first-time asylum applicants and Venezuelans for 7.3 %, while Colombians and Iraqis for 5.2 % and 4.4 %, respectively. Throughout history, the region has been a central part of global migration systems which its States helped to establish and shape, mainly through mercantilist and colonial expansions. Altogether, 3.4% of has been falling steadily since 2016, though less notably so in the past two Which were around 72% answered positively. The share of positive final decisions based on appeal or review (30.7 %; see Figure 9) was lower in the EU-27 in 2019 than for first instance decisions (38.1 %; see Figure 8). Crossing the Mediterranean Sea continues to be one of the 2013: Austria not available. However, the applied methodology defines that final decisions should refer to what is effectively a final decision in the vast majority of cases: in other words, once all normal routes of appeal have been exhausted and there is no possibility to appeal on the substance of the decision but only on procedural grounds. Table 1 provides an overview of the five largest groups of first-time asylum applicants (by citizenship) in each of the EU-27 Member States, the United Kingdom and the EFTA countries. Refugees and Migrants in Europe - 2019 Update. when 24,815 people arrived that way. Turkey is now taking steps to thin the number of refugees in its urban centers, recently moving more than 6,000 Syrians from Istanbul to temporary housing in other provinces. Of the conflicts raging across the globe in 2019, the Syrian civil war accounted for the largest share of international refugees and asylum seekers, 6.6 million. 2019 Report Refugees in Spain and Europe. Subs. years. Greater differences were observed for asylum applicants who were 14–17 or 18–34 years old, where 67.9 % and 69.0 %, respectively, of first-time applicants were male, with this share dropping back to 58.0 % for the age group 35–64. Almost one in three (27%) of these came from Syria, while people from Afghanistan (14%) and Venezuela (13%) were also in the top three. Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Europe, Macedonia, Spain. This represents a slight increase of 6% compared to the same period in 2018 (191,800). Since 2008 data have been provided to Eurostat under the provisions of Article 4 of Regulation (EC) 862/2007; most of the statistics presented in this article were collected within this regulatory framework. Persons may however apply for international protection in more than one Member State in a given reference year. 57,012 Italy's then-interior minister Matteo Salvini, At least 40 feared dead or missing in shipwreck off Libya, according to UNHCR, More unaccompanied minors among migrants rescued at sea, NGO, Open Arms rescues a further 77 migrants in the Mediterranean. The statistics are based on administrative sources and are supplied to Eurostat by statistical authorities, home office ministries/ministries of the interior or related immigration agencies in the EU Member States. The European Commission released updated statistics about the numbers of refugees and migrants who tried to make their way to Europe in 2018, via the Mediterranean sea. crossings. migration to the European Union, i.e. Greece saw a dramatic increase in arrivals, while arrivals in Italy and Spain declined. In contrast, final decisions in appeal or review relate to decisions granted at the final instance of administrative/judicial asylum procedure and which result from an appeal lodged by an asylum seeker rejected in the preceding stage. The EASO became fully operational in June 2011 and has worked to increase its capacity, activity and influence, working with the European Commission and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). landed without the aid of NGO boats, coast guard vehicles or the like. For first instance decisions, some 52.9 % of all positive decisions in the EU-27 in 2019 resulted in grants of refugee status. 142,458 asylum applications by refugees were received in 2019 in Germany - according to UNHCR. The Western Mediterranean Route meanwhile saw 24,759 Croatia, which many migrants try to cross in a bid to make it from the Balkans Updated 9:26 AM EDT, Wed June 19, 2019 (CNN) — More than ... “However, we must not forget that 91% of the refugees do not live in the European Union, but are often admitted to … That means that 0.1% Source: Eurostat (online data code: migr_asyappctza). This includes the 39 Vietnamese migrants who were found dead 612 700 first-time asylum seekers applied for international protection in the Member States of the EU-27 in 2019. Figure 8 provides an analysis of the outcome of first instance decisions. Most of them came from Syria, Turkey and from Eritrea. cross a river or the English Channel. This was the first time the number of asylum applications increased year-to-year since 2015. Mediterranean. almost twice as many as in 2018 (33,536). We take a look at clandestine and irregular migration movements to Europe in 2019. It's worth to note here that while migrant rescue missions – pattern and migration within the EU are not yet fully available for 2019. in 2019 was comparatively low on the 'eastern route'’ between Turkey and Try the new automatic translation by clicking on the blue icon “Translate” up in the right corner of the article! Planned article update: mid-March 2021 and late April 2021 (parts on applications by unaccompanied minors and final decisions). injuries, hypothermia and exhaustion (suffered by migrants who tried to cross a Europe must not be drawn into a competition with Erdogan over who can make refugees more miserable. Prot. Subsidiary protection. Central Mediterranean Route (mainly from Libya and Tunisia to Italy and Malta) He urged member countries to show solidarity with the likes of Greece, Italy and Hungary by taking 160,000 refugees off their hands. 2012: Croatia, Hungary and Austria not available. Since the entry into force of Regulation (EC) 862/2007, statistics on asylum decisions have become available for different stages of the asylum procedure. were 2,299 migrants reported dead or missing in the Mediterranean – almost how many people attempted the crossing in the first place) also decreased in This page has been accessed 326,532 times. A total of 2,247 decisions have been made on initial applications. In 2016 the number levelled off at around 1.2 million. deadliest migration routes worldwide. migrants who attempted that crossing died. Among EU-27 Member States, the highest shares of positive final decisions out of the total number of final decisions in 2019 were recorded in Bulgaria (67.7 %), followed by Austria (55.7 %), Ireland (48.9 %), the Netherlands (48.0 %) and Finland (44.9 %). Most successful have been the applications of refugees from Bahrain … First instance decisions are decisions granted by the respective authority acting as a first instance of the administrative/judicial asylum procedure in the receiving country. High as the current rate with the likes of Greece, Spain up... For 23.3 % of all refugees and only a fraction of internally displaced persons were in... Until September 26 2017 to comply, Colombia and Afghanistan, ( see 2... And children 40 percent of asylum applications by unaccompanied minors and final decisions were negative different categories of applying. The Central Mediterranean region saw 14,500 migrant arrivals via that sea Route in 2019 in -! 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