Updates? Rescue teams were dispatched within 24–48 hours of the disaster, and the assistance to the survivors was channeled through NGOs and the Red Crescent and local search and rescue organizations. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. More than 17,000 people were killed and an estimated 500,000 left homeless as thousands of buildings—chief among them the Turkish navy headquarters in Gölcük and the Tüpraş oil refinery in İzmit—collapsed or were heavily damaged. The Anatolian Plate, which consists primarily of Turkey, is being pushed west about 2–2.5 cm (0.8–1.0 in) a year, as it is squeezed between the Eurasian Plate to the north and the Arabian Plate to the south. 1999: Turkey hit by huge earthquake. [7], From the timing of P-wave and S-wave arrivals at seismometers there is strong evidence that the rupture propagated eastwards from the epicentre at speeds in excess of the S-wave velocity, making this a supershear earthquake. The earthquake occurred along the western portion of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ). The 1999 İzmit earthquake (also known as the Kocaeli, Gölcük, or Marmara earthquake) occurred on 17 August at 03:01:40 local time in northwestern Turkey.The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.6 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent).The event lasted for 37 seconds, killing around 17,000 people and left approximately half a million people homeless. [5] Reports from September 1999 show that 120,000 poorly engineered houses were damaged beyond repair[citation needed] and approximately 20,000 buildings collapsed, resulting in more than 250,000 people becoming homeless after the earthquake. Historical data indicates that some of the earthquakes around Izmit Bay have caused tsunamis. Izmit, Turkey - houses a harbour 87 km southeast of Istanbul. Monday, August 23, 1999 Published at 19:59 GMT 20:59 UK World: Europe The tales of the earthquake survivors One tiny life: Ismail Cimen, pulled from the rubble after 140 hours Amid the death and destruction wrought by the earthquake in Turkey, there have been a handful of incredible tales of survival. Aftermath of the 1999 Izmit earthquake and a look at poor building construction. Offsets along the rupture were as large as 5.7 meters (18.7 ft). Laboratory and theoretical studies suggest that earthquakes are preceded by a phase of developing slip instability in which the fault slips slowly before accelerating to dynamic rupture. [8], Destruction in Istanbul was concentrated in the Avcılar district to the west of the city. w = 7.4, 17 August earthquake is located close to Izmit [Tokso¨k et al., 1999; Barka, 1999] (Figure 1). The tsunami caused the deaths of 155 people.[13]. On Nov. 12, 1999, Duzce was rocked by a 7.1-magnitude earthquake which lasted 30 seconds, killing 710 people and injuring 2,679. [citation needed], US President Bill Clinton[17] and Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif later visited Istanbul and İzmit to examine the level of destruction and meet with the survivors. (17 August 1999 İzmit earthquake) p. 41 (The Mw 7.4 İzmit earthquake occurred on Aug. 17, 1999 at 3:02 a.m. local time, in the Eastern Marmara region, northwestern Turkey; epicenter was at 40.745⁰N and 29.96⁰E, several km. The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.6 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). devastating earthquake that struck near the city of İzmit in northwestern Turkey on Aug. 17, 1999. The fire was declared under control five days later after claiming at least seventeen tanks and untold amounts of complex piping. Number of Earthquakes Worldwide for 1999… Saturday is the 20th anniversary of the August 17, 1999, 7.9-magnitude earthquake that struck the northwestern province of Kocaeli, killing at least 17,480 people as it devastated the city centre of İzmit and impacted an area large enough to include Istanbul. The west ward movement also increased for about 100km (between 1957 and 1967) more after a short period of slowed activities and further separation of the ruptures during the period around when Izmit earthquake occurred (Hansen 2001).The Izmit earthquake took place on 17th August 1999 on the Anatolian fault area and according to the Kandili Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute … [10], There was extensive damage to several bridges and other structures on the Trans-European Motorway (European route E80), including 20 viaducts, 5 tunnels, and some overpasses. [12], The earthquake caused a tsunami in the Sea of Marmara that was about 2.5 meters high. The Izmit earthquake had a rupture length of 150 kilometers (93 mi) extending from the city of Düzce all the way into the Sea of Marmara along the Gulf of İzmit. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. …the epicentre of a devastating earthquake, which killed more than 17,000 people, injured more than 40,000, and destroyed or seriously damaged hundreds of thousands of buildings.…. The Kocaeli 1999 Earthquake with an Mw = 7.4 caused major hazards throughout the NW of Turkey from Tekirdag to Bolu. Some Islamic leaders in Turkey gave a very important speech in the summer of 1999, during which they talked about the earthquake that happened in Turkey. Breakage in water pipelines, results of the quake, nullified attempts at extinguishing the fire. [1], An official Turkish estimate of 19 October 1999 placed the toll at 17,127 killed and 43,959 injured, but many sources suggest the actual figure may have been closer to 45,000 dead and a similar number injured. DUZCE TURGUT OZAL ANADOLU LİSESİ Subject: 17 August 1999 Earthquake Students; Canberk Özer 10-A 199 Ömer Güner Demir 10-A 118 Nur Şevval Kuru 10-A 32 Çiğdem Kaya 10-A 52 Teacher; İlkay GÜLENÇ SOURCE In the middle of nowhere and darkness Casualties : 18,373 dead; 48,901 injured High casualty figures were reported in the towns of Gölcük, Derince, Darıca, and Sakarya (Adapazarı). The event lasted for 37 seconds, severely damaging the city of İzmit. This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate. Tuesday, August 17, 1999 Published at 06:44 GMT 07:44 UK World: Europe Earthquake rocks Turkey Buildings have been flattened in several cities Turkish rescue workers are searching the rubble of collapsed buildings after a powerful earthquake hit the densely populated north-west of the country early on Tuesday morning. Date: circa 1906 [citation needed], "On the death toll of the 1999 Izmit (Turkey) major earthquake", "Coseismic and Postseismic Fault Slip for the 17 August 1999, M = 7.5, Izmit, Turkey Earthquake", "How Fast is Rupture During an Earthquake ? The epicenter was approximately 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Izmit, an industrial city approximately 56 miles (90 km) east of Istanbul. İzmit earthquake of 1999, also called Kocaeli earthquake or Gölcük earthquake, devastating earthquake that struck near the city of İzmit in northwestern Turkey on August 17, 1999. All dates are listed according to UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) time. The initial shock lasted less than a minute and registered a magnitude of 7.4. “It’s actually quite difficult to explain how one’s life can be turned upside down within a matter of seconds. Avcılar was built on relatively weak ground mainly composed of poorly consolidated Cenozoic sedimentary rocks, which makes this district vulnerable to any earthquake. Both strike-slip earthquakes were caused by … İzmit Earthquake (Turkey : 1999) Sources found : Work cat. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Buildings damaged by the İzmit earthquake in Turkey, 1999. WESTERN TERMINATION OF THE 1999 İZMİT EARTHQUAKE RUPTURE 384 Introduction Th e Mw 7.4, 17 August 1999 İzmit earthquake (M o 1.7–2.0 x 1020 Nm) was not a surprise because westward migrating earthquakes had already taken place along the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) all the way from Erzincan to the İzmit region, breaking [16], The U.K announced an immediate grant of £50,000 to help the Turkish Red Crescent, while the International Red Cross and Red Crescent pledged £4.5 million to help victims. According to them as reported by many Turkish newspapers and the BBC, the purpose of this earthquake (and Allah knows best) was a party that was held on the beach in Turkey in one of the naval bases. On 17 August 1999, an earthquake in northwestern Turkey killed around 17,000 people and left more than 250,000 people homeless. Damage ranged from spalling concrete to total deck collapse. On 17 August 1999, an earthquake in northwestern Turkey killed around 17,000 people[5] and left more than 250,000 people homeless. Map of northwestern Turkey depicting the fault lines running between the Anatolian Block and the Eurasian Plate and the location of the epicentre of the İzmit earthquake of Aug. 17, 1999. [11], The earthquake sparked a disastrous fire at the Tüpraş petroleum refinery. The rescue and relief effort was spearheaded by the Turkish Red Crescent and the Turkish army, with many international aid agencies joining in. Founded in 712 BC - scene of the 1999 Earthquake (7.4 on richter scale) which devastated the region and killed more than 19,000 people and leaving many more homeless. The following other wikis use this file: Usage on az.wikipedia.org İzmit zəlzələsi (1999) Usage on da.wikipedia.org İzmit-jordskælvet 1999 Thousands of people were killed, and large parts of a number of mid-sized towns and cities were destroyed. Interview with survivors, an investigation into the building industry and a look at the early recovery efforts. At around 3 o'clock in the morning of Saturday August 14, Kanieh Topal woke in her three-storey apartment block in the western suburbs of Izmit to hear a strange sound. In this study, tsunami research for the Kocaeli 1999 Earthquake has been made also taking into consideration historical data. The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.6 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The most powerful earthquake to hit Turkey has left at least 1,000 people dead. [9], The earthquake was heavily felt in this industrialized and densely populated urban area of the country, including oil refineries, several automotive plants, and the Turkish navy headquarters and arsenal in Gölcük, increasing the severity of the loss of life and property. The 1999 İzmitearthquakewas an approximately 7.4 magnitudeearthquake that struck northwestern Turkeyon August 17, 1999. Source: USAID[15]. [citation needed] India also assisted by providing 32,000 tents and 2 million rupees to help in the reconstruction process. The fire spread over the next few days, warranting the evacuation of the area within three miles of the refinery. The epicenter was approximately 100 km to the east of the extremely destructive 1999 İzmit earthquake that happened a few months earlier. Learn more about 1999 Izmit Earthquake and it's massive destruction. Aircraft were called in to douse the flames with foam. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The 1999 Düzce earthquake occurred on 12 November at 18:57:22 local time with a moment magnitude of 7.2 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX, causing damage and at least 845 fatalities in Düzce, Turkey. An EQE Briefing—1999 Izmit, Turkey Earthquake (M7.4) GENERAL OVERVIEW A 45-second earthquake of Richter magnitude 7.4 (M7.4) occurred in Turkey on Tuesday, August 17, 1999 at 3:01 a.m. local time. İzmit earthquake of 1999— also called  Kocaeli earthquake  or  Gölcük earthquake        devastating earthquake that struck near the city of İzmit in northwestern Turkey on Aug. 17, 1999. A massive international response was mounted to assist in digging for survivors and assisting the wounded and homeless. The fire began at a state-owned tank farm and was initiated by naphtha that had sloshed out of a holding tank. It was followed by two moderate aftershocks on August 19, about 50 miles (80 km) west of the original epicentre. Because most of the casualties resulted from the collapse of residential buildings, there was a strong public outcry against private contractors, who were accused of poor workmanship and of using cheap, inadequate materials. : 17 Ağustos 1999 İzmit depremi yüzey kiriği, 2003: t.p. İzmit earthquake of 1999, also called Kocaeli earthquake or Gölcük earthquake, devastating earthquake that struck near the city of İzmit in northwestern Turkey on August 17, 1999. 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